Statue
of Liberty Poem
Also
known as the Statue of Liberty poem, New Colossus and its famous last lines
have become part of American history. Here is the sonnet in its entirety:
New
Colossus
Not like the brazen
giant of Greek fame,
With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she
With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
With conquering limbs astride from land to land;
Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand
A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame
Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name
Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand
Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command
The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.
"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she
With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
New York Times, 8 December 2015
Donald J.
Trump called on Monday for the United States to bar all Muslims from entering
the country until the nation’s leaders can “figure out what is going on” after
the terrorist attacks in San Bernardino, Calif., an extraordinary escalation of
rhetoric aimed at voters’ fears about members of the Islamic faith.
A prohibition of Muslims – an unprecedented
proposal by a leading American presidential candidate, and an idea more
typically associated with hate groups – reflects a progression of mistrust that
is rooted in ideology as much as politics.
Mr. Trump, who in September declared “I love the
Muslims,” turned sharply against them after the Paris terrorist attacks, calling for a database to track Muslims in America and repeating discredited rumors that thousands of Muslims celebrated
in New Jersey on 9/11. His poll numbers rose largely as a result, until a
setback in Iowa on Monday morning. Hours later Mr. Trump called for the ban,
fitting his pattern of making stunning comments when his lead in the Republican
presidential field appears in jeopardy.
Saying that “hatred” among many Muslims for
Americans is “beyond comprehension,” Mr. Trump said in a statement that the
United States needed to confront “where this hatred comes from and why.”
“Until we are able to determine and understand
this problem and the dangerous threat it poses, our country cannot be the
victims of horrendous attacks by people that believe only in jihad, and have no
sense of reason or respect for human life,” Mr. Trump said.
Asked what prompted his statement, Mr. Trump said, “death,” according to a spokeswoman.
Repudiation of Mr. Trump’s remarks was swift and
severe among religious groups and politicians from both parties. Mr. Trump is “unhinged,” said one
Republican rival, former Gov. Jeb Bush of Florida, while another, Senator Marco
Rubio of Florida, called the ban “offensive and outlandish.” Hillary Clinton
said the idea was “reprehensible, prejudiced and divisive.” Organizations
representing Jews, Christians and those of other faiths quickly joined Muslims
in denouncing Mr. Trump’s proposal.
“Rooting our nation’s immigration policy in
religious bigotry and discrimination will not make America great again,” said
Rabbi Jack Moline, executive director of Interfaith Alliance, putting a twist
on Mr. Trump’s campaign slogan.
Mr. Trump made his remarks a day after President
Obama delivered a national address from the Oval Office urging Americans
not to turn against Muslims in the wake of the terrorist attacks.
Experts on immigration law and policy expressed
shock at the proposal Monday afternoon.
“This is just so antithetical to the history of
the United States,” said Nancy Morawetz, a professor of clinical law at New
York University School of Law, who specializes in immigration. “It’s
unbelievable to have a religious test for admission into the country.”
She added: “I cannot recall any historical
precedent for denying immigration based on religion.”
Putting the policy into practice would require an
unlikely act of Congress, said Stephen Yale-Loehr, a professor of law at
Cornell and a prominent authority on immigration.
Should Congress enact such a law, he predicted,
the Supreme Court would invalidate it as an overly restrictive immigration
policy under the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.
“It would certainly be challenged as
unconstitutional,” he said. “And I predict the Supreme Court would strike it
down.”
Mr. Trump has a track record of making surprising
and even extreme comments whenever he is overtaken in opinion polls by other
Republican candidates – as happened on Monday just hours before he issued his
statement about Muslims. A new Monmouth University survey of likely Iowa
Republican caucus-goers found that Mr. Trump had slipped from his recent top
spot in the state, which holds the first presidential nomination contest on
Feb. 1. According to the poll, Senator Ted Cruz of Texas earned 24 percent of
support, while Mr. Trump had 19 percent and Senator Marco Rubio of Florida had
17 percent. But another Iowa poll released on Monday, by CNN/OCR, showed Mr.
Trump with a comfortable lead but Mr. Cruz gaining ground on him.
Mr. Trump, who boasts about his strong poll
numbers at the beginning of virtually every campaign speech, launched an unusually stinging attack against Ben Carson, another
Republican candidate, when Mr. Carson took a lead in Iowa polls this fall; Mr.
Trump, citing Mr. Carson’s memoir about his sometimes-violent youth, called him
“pathological” and compared his state of mind to a child molester’s.
Several Republican strategists and politicians
said they believe that Mr. Trump’s maneuver against Muslims was partly a
challenge to Mr. Cruz and other Republicans to stake out positions on terrorism
that were as audacious as his own. But they also said that the ban reflected
anxiety and anger among many voters that the federal government was not acting
aggressively enough to protect them at home.
“I think Trump’s idea may be too strong, but I
think something jarring is very helpful in leading to a national debate in how
big this problem is, and how dangerous it is,” said Newt Gingrich, a former
Republican speaker of the House who ran for president in 2012. “Nine percent of
Pakistanis agree with ISIS, according to one poll. That’s a huge number. We
need to put all the burden of proof on people coming from those countries to
show that they are not a danger to us.”
Tens of thousands of Muslims enter and stay in the
United States each year as tourists or through the immigration system, experts
say, with an estimated 100,000 Muslims becoming United States permanent residents
in 2012, according to the Pew Research Center. The United States issued 680,000
green cards to migrants from Muslim-majority countries in the five-year period
from fiscal year 2009 through fiscal year 2013, according to the Senate
Judiciary Committee’s Subcommittee on Immigration and the National Interest,
which cited data from the Department of Homeland Security.
At a rally at the U.S.S. Yorktown in South
Carolina on Monday night, Mr. Trump drew sustained cheers from the audience as
he outlined his idea for the ban.
“We have no choice,” Mr. Trump said. “Our country
cannot be the victim of tremendous attacks by people who believe only in
jihad.”
While several Republican presidential candidates
have called for increased intelligence gathering and more aggressive
investigations of suspected terrorists, as well as a halt to Muslim refugees
entering the United States from Syria, Mr. Trump’s pointed suspicions about
Muslims have been in a category by themselves.
At his campaign rallies, he has drawn strong applause
from thousands of voters for his calls on the government to monitor mosques,
and he has refused to rule out his earlier proposal to enter names of Muslims
in America into a database. He has also made a series of ominous comments about
President Obama’s leadership in fighting terrorism, suggesting that
there was “something going on” with Mr. Obama that Americans were not aware of.
In his statement, Mr. Trump quoted a poll by the
Center for Security Policy, whose president and founder, Frank Gaffney, has
claimed that President Obama is aligned with the Muslim Brotherhood, an
extremist political movement born in Egypt, and that agents of the Muslim
Brotherhood have infiltrated the U.S. government, the Republican Party and
conservative political organizations.
Barring non-citizen Muslims from the United States
has drawn support from organizations like the Society of Americans for National
Existence and the Daily Stormer, which the Southern Poverty Law Center has
described as hate groups.
The proposal drew immediate condemnation from
Muslim-Americans. Eboo Patel, the president of Interfaith Youth Core, based in
Chicago, said, “I’m standing in a building right now where I am looking up at
the Sears Tower, which was designed by Fazlur Rahman Khan,” a structural
engineer originally from Bangladesh who was behind what is now known as the
Willis Tower.
“What if we had barred Russians from America
because of the Cold War? Who would have invented Google?” Mr. Patel asked,
referring to Google’s co-founder, Sergey Brin.
While many critics of Mr. Trump reassured
themselves that neither he nor his idea would ultimately go anywhere, they were
aghast that a mainstream presidential candidate would ever utter it.
“It would be particularly bizarre,” said Ms.
Morawetz, “to have an immigration test based on religion given that the country
was founded by people who were fleeing religious persecution.”
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